Установка WhatsApp из магазина Microsoft с помощью командной строки Powershell

Последняя версия приложения WhatsApp для Windows требует установки из магазина Microsoft. Это можно легко сделать, используя соответствующее приложение. Но встречаются компьютеры, на которых по разным причинам Microsoft Store не запускается или не работает корректно, а попытки его восстановить не заканчиваются успехом. В этом случае нам поможет ручная установка приложения.
Данная инструкция является рерайтом и переводом инструкции WhatsApp Desktop (Microsoft Store App) Install & Uninstall (PowerShell).
Загрузка и распаковка App Deployment Toolkit
Скачивание WhatsApp и подготовка скрипта установки
Запуск скрипта для установки WhatsApp
Удаление WhatsApp
Решение возможных проблем
Установка App Deployment Toolkit
Для установки приложения нам нужен App Deployment Toolkit. Переходим на портал GitHub и скачиваем архив с последней версией приложения:
Создаем рабочий каталог, например C:\Downloads\PADT. В него распаковываем содержимое архива. Должно получиться так:
Открываем от администратора powershell. Это можно сделать из меню Пуск.
Вводим две команды:
Copy-Item -Path "C:\Downloads\PADT\Toolkit\AppDeployToolkit" -Destination "C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop\AppDeployToolkit" -Recurse
Copy-Item -Path "C:\Downloads\PADT\Toolkit\Files" -Destination "C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop\Files"
* данные команды скопируют содержимое каталогов Toolkit\AppDeployToolkit и Toolkit\Files в новую директорию WhatsAppDesktop. Если мы создали вместо каталога C:\Downloads\PADT другой, то не забываем подставить свое значение.
С установкой App Deployment Toolkit и его подготовкой закончили. Идем дальше.
Подготовка среды для установки WhatsApp
Переходим на страницу store.rg-adguard.net и вводим адрес «https://www.microsoft.com/store/productId/9NKSQGP7F2NH»:
Скачиваем последнюю версию приложения WhatsApp:
* в нашем примере это х64, но если мы работаем с Windows 32-бит, то выбираем соответствующую версию (х86).
Обратите внимание, что простой клик по ссылке может не приводить к скачиванию файла. Нужно скопировать ссылку на него и открыть эту ссылку в новой вкладке. Тогда начнется загрузка файла.
Размещаем скачанный файл в каталог C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop\Files\ (где C:\Downloads — рабочая папка, которую мы создали на первом шаге нашей работы).
Переходим в каталог C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop и создаем скрипт с названием Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 и содержимым:
<#
.SYNOPSIS
This script performs the installation or uninstallation of the WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App.
# LICENSE #
PowerShell App Deployment Toolkit - Provides a set of functions to perform common application deployment tasks on Windows.
Copyright (C) 2017 - Sean Lillis, Dan Cunningham, Muhammad Mashwani, Aman Motazedian.
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
.DESCRIPTION
The script is provided as a template to perform an install or uninstall of an application(s).
The script either performs an "Install" deployment type or an "Uninstall" deployment type.
The install deployment type is broken down into 3 main sections/phases: Pre-Install, Install, and Post-Install.
The script dot-sources the AppDeployToolkitMain.ps1 script which contains the logic and functions required to install or uninstall an application.
.PARAMETER DeploymentType
The type of deployment to perform. Default is: Install.
.PARAMETER DeployMode
Specifies whether the installation should be run in Interactive, Silent, or NonInteractive mode. Default is: Interactive. Options: Interactive = Shows dialogs, Silent = No dialogs, NonInteractive = Very silent, i.e. no blocking apps. NonInteractive mode is automatically set if it is detected that the process is not user interactive.
.PARAMETER AllowRebootPassThru
Allows the 3010 return code (requires restart) to be passed back to the parent process (e.g. SCCM) if detected from an installation. If 3010 is passed back to SCCM, a reboot prompt will be triggered.
.PARAMETER TerminalServerMode
Changes to "user install mode" and back to "user execute mode" for installing/uninstalling applications for Remote Destkop Session Hosts/Citrix servers.
.PARAMETER DisableLogging
Disables logging to file for the script. Default is: $false.
.EXAMPLE
PowerShell.exe .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Install" -DeployMode "NonInteractive"
.EXAMPLE
PowerShell.exe .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Install" -DeployMode "Silent"
.EXAMPLE
PowerShell.exe .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Install" -DeployMode "Interactive"
.EXAMPLE
PowerShell.exe .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Uninstall" -DeployMode "NonInteractive"
.EXAMPLE
PowerShell.exe .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Uninstall" -DeployMode "Silent"
.EXAMPLE
PowerShell.exe .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Uninstall" -DeployMode "Interactive"
.NOTES
Toolkit Exit Code Ranges:
60000 - 68999: Reserved for built-in exit codes in Deploy-Application.ps1, Deploy-Application.exe, and AppDeployToolkitMain.ps1
69000 - 69999: Recommended for user customized exit codes in Deploy-Application.ps1
70000 - 79999: Recommended for user customized exit codes in AppDeployToolkitExtensions.ps1
.LINK
http://psappdeploytoolkit.com
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param (
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[ValidateSet('Install','Uninstall','Repair')]
[string]$DeploymentType = 'Install',
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[ValidateSet('Interactive','Silent','NonInteractive')]
[string]$DeployMode = 'Interactive',
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[switch]$AllowRebootPassThru = $false,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[switch]$TerminalServerMode = $false,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[switch]$DisableLogging = $false
)
Try {
## Set the script execution policy for this process
Try { Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy 'ByPass' -Scope 'Process' -Force -ErrorAction 'Stop' } Catch {}
##*===============================================
##* VARIABLE DECLARATION
##*===============================================
## Variables: Application
[string]$appVendor = ''
[string]$appName = 'WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App'
[string]$appVersion = ''
[string]$appArch = ''
[string]$appLang = ''
[string]$appRevision = ''
[string]$appScriptVersion = '1.0.0'
[string]$appScriptDate = 'XX/XX/20XX'
[string]$appScriptAuthor = 'Jason Bergner'
##*===============================================
## Variables: Install Titles (Only set here to override defaults set by the toolkit)
[string]$installName = ''
[string]$installTitle = 'WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App'
##* Do not modify section below
#region DoNotModify
## Variables: Exit Code
[int32]$mainExitCode = 0
## Variables: Script
[string]$deployAppScriptFriendlyName = 'Deploy Application'
[version]$deployAppScriptVersion = [version]'3.8.4'
[string]$deployAppScriptDate = '26/01/2021'
[hashtable]$deployAppScriptParameters = $psBoundParameters
## Variables: Environment
If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $InvocationInfo = $HostInvocation } Else { $InvocationInfo = $MyInvocation }
[string]$scriptDirectory = Split-Path -Path $InvocationInfo.MyCommand.Definition -Parent
## Dot source the required App Deploy Toolkit Functions
Try {
[string]$moduleAppDeployToolkitMain = "$scriptDirectory\AppDeployToolkit\AppDeployToolkitMain.ps1"
If (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $moduleAppDeployToolkitMain -PathType 'Leaf')) { Throw "Module does not exist at the specified location [$moduleAppDeployToolkitMain]." }
If ($DisableLogging) { . $moduleAppDeployToolkitMain -DisableLogging } Else { . $moduleAppDeployToolkitMain }
}
Catch {
If ($mainExitCode -eq 0){ [int32]$mainExitCode = 60008 }
Write-Error -Message "Module [$moduleAppDeployToolkitMain] failed to load: `n$($_.Exception.Message)`n `n$($_.InvocationInfo.PositionMessage)" -ErrorAction 'Continue'
## Exit the script, returning the exit code to SCCM
If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = $mainExitCode; Exit } Else { Exit $mainExitCode }
}
#endregion
##* Do not modify section above
##*===============================================
##* END VARIABLE DECLARATION
##*===============================================
If ($deploymentType -ine 'Uninstall' -and $deploymentType -ine 'Repair') {
##*===============================================
##* PRE-INSTALLATION
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Pre-Installation'
## Show Welcome Message, Close WhatsApp With a 60 Second Countdown Before Automatically Closing
Show-InstallationWelcome -CloseApps 'WhatsApp' -CloseAppsCountdown 60
## Show Progress Message (with the default message)
Show-InstallationProgress
## Remove Any Existing Versions of the WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App
$AppPackageNames = @(
"*WhatsAppDesktop"
)
foreach ($AppName in $AppPackageNames) {
Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppxPackage -Name $AppName | Remove-AppxPackage" -Wait
#Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppxPackage -AllUsers -Name $AppName | Remove-AppxPackage -AllUsers" -Wait
Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppXProvisionedPackage -Online | Where-Object DisplayName -eq $AppName | Remove-AppxProvisionedPackage -Online" -Wait
#Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppXProvisionedPackage -Online | Where-Object DisplayName -eq $AppName | Remove-AppxProvisionedPackage -AllUsers -Online" -Wait
}
##*===============================================
##* INSTALLATION
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Installation'
If ($ENV:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE -eq 'x86'){
Write-Log -Message "Detected 32-bit OS Architecture." -Severity 1 -Source $deployAppScriptFriendlyName
## Install WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App (32-bit System)
$AppxPathx86 = Get-ChildItem -Path "$dirFiles" -Include "*WhatsAppDesktop*x86*.Appx" -File -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
If($AppxPathx86.Exists)
{
Write-Log -Message "Found $($AppxPathx86.FullName), now attempting to install $installTitle."
Show-InstallationProgress "Installing the WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App. This may take some time. Please wait..."
Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Add-AppxPackage ""$AppxPathx86""" -Wait
}
}
Else
{
Write-Log -Message "Detected 64-bit OS Architecture" -Severity 1 -Source $deployAppScriptFriendlyName
## Install WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App (64-bit System)
$AppxPathx64 = Get-ChildItem -Path "$dirFiles" -Include "*WhatsAppDesktop*x64*.Appx" -File -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
If($AppxPathx64.Exists)
{
Write-Log -Message "Found $($AppxPathx64.FullName), now attempting to install $installTitle."
Show-InstallationProgress "Installing the WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App. This may take some time. Please wait..."
Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Add-AppxPackage ""$AppxPathx64""" -Wait
}
}
##*===============================================
##* POST-INSTALLATION
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Post-Installation'
}
ElseIf ($deploymentType -ieq 'Uninstall')
{
##*===============================================
##* PRE-UNINSTALLATION
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Pre-Uninstallation'
## Show Welcome Message, Close WhatsApp With a 60 Second Countdown Before Automatically Closing
Show-InstallationWelcome -CloseApps 'WhatsApp' -CloseAppsCountdown 60
## Show Progress Message (With a Message to Indicate the Application is Being Uninstalled)
Show-InstallationProgress -StatusMessage "Uninstalling the $installTitle. Please Wait..."
##*===============================================
##* UNINSTALLATION
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Uninstallation'
## Uninstall Any Existing Versions of the WhatsApp Desktop Microsoft Store App
$AppPackageNames = @(
"*WhatsAppDesktop"
)
foreach ($AppName in $AppPackageNames) {
#Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppxPackage -Name $AppName | Remove-AppxPackage" -Wait
Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppxPackage -AllUsers -Name $AppName | Remove-AppxPackage -AllUsers" -Wait
#Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppXProvisionedPackage -Online | Where-Object DisplayName -eq $AppName | Remove-AppxProvisionedPackage -Online" -Wait
Execute-ProcessAsUser -Path "$PSHOME\powershell.exe" -Parameters "-WindowStyle Hidden Get-AppXProvisionedPackage -Online | Where-Object DisplayName -eq $AppName | Remove-AppxProvisionedPackage -AllUsers -Online" -Wait
}
## Add Registry Keys to Prevent Windows Apps from Reinstalling
Write-Log -Message "Adding Registry Keys to Prevent Windows Apps from Reinstalling."
[scriptblock]$HKCURegistrySettings = {
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'ContentDeliveryAllowed' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'FeatureManagementEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'OemPreInstalledAppsEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'PreInstalledAppsEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'PreInstalledAppsEverEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SilentInstalledAppsEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SubscribedContent-314559Enabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SubscribedContent-338387Enabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SubscribedContent-338388Enabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SubscribedContent-338389Enabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SubscribedContent-338393Enabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SubscribedContentEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ContentDeliveryManager' -Name 'SystemPaneSuggestionsEnabled' -Value 0 -Type DWord -SID $UserProfile.SID
}
Invoke-HKCURegistrySettingsForAllUsers -RegistrySettings $HKCURegistrySettings -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## Add Registry Key to Disable Auto-Updating of Microsoft Store Apps
Write-Log -Message "Adding Registry Key to Disable Auto-Updating of Microsoft Store Apps."
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\WindowsStore' -Name 'AutoDownload' -Value 2 -Type DWord
# Add Registry Key to Prevent Suggested Applications from Returning
Write-Log -Message "Adding Registry Key to Prevent Suggested Applications from Returning."
Set-RegistryKey -Key 'HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\CloudContent' -Name 'DisableWindowsConsumerFeatures' -Value 1 -Type DWord
##*===============================================
##* POST-UNINSTALLATION
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Post-Uninstallation'
}
ElseIf ($deploymentType -ieq 'Repair')
{
##*===============================================
##* PRE-REPAIR
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Pre-Repair'
##*===============================================
##* REPAIR
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Repair'
##*===============================================
##* POST-REPAIR
##*===============================================
[string]$installPhase = 'Post-Repair'
}
##*===============================================
##* END SCRIPT BODY
##*===============================================
## Call the Exit-Script function to perform final cleanup operations
Exit-Script -ExitCode $mainExitCode
}
Catch {
[int32]$mainExitCode = 60001
[string]$mainErrorMessage = "$(Resolve-Error)"
Write-Log -Message $mainErrorMessage -Severity 3 -Source $deployAppScriptFriendlyName
Show-DialogBox -Text $mainErrorMessage -Icon 'Stop'
Exit-Script -ExitCode $mainExitCode
}
Мы готовы к установке приложения.
Установка WhatsApp Desktop
Запускаем powershell от администратора и переходим в рабочий каталог, где был создан скрипт:
cd C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop
Запускаем сам скрипт командой:
Powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Install" -DeployMode "NonInteractive"
Удаление WhatsApp Desktop
Для удаления также открываем powershell от администратора и переходим в рабочий каталог, где был создан скрипт:
cd C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop
Запускаем команду:
Powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType "Uninstall" -DeployMode "NonInteractive"
Возможные ошибки
WriteErrorException, $moduleAppDeployToolkitMain
При запуске скрипта для установки приложения система выдает ошибку:
C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 : Module [C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop\AppDeployToolkit\AppDepl
oyToolkitMain.ps1] failed to load:
Исключение при вызове "Translate" с "1" аргументами: "Некоторые или ссылки на свойства нельзя преобразовать."
C:\Downloads\WhatsAppDesktop\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1:102 знак:87
+ ... yToolkitMain -DisableLogging } Else { . $moduleAppDeployToolkitMain }
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
строка:1 знак:1
+ .\Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1 -DeploymentType Install -DeployMode NonI ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Deploy-WhatsAppDesktop.ps1
Переменная $moduleAppDeployToolkitMain ведет на файл AppDeployToolkitMain.ps1, который находится в каталоге AppDeployToolkit. Если его запустить отдельно, то в моем случае, он выдавал ошибку в строке 270. Она выглядела так:
[string]$LocalPowerUsersGroup = (New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList ([Security.Principal.WellKnownSidType]::'BuiltinPowerUsersSid', $null)).Translate([System.Security.Principal.NTAccount]).Value
Проблема была решена после ее комментария:
#[string]$LocalPowerUsersGroup = (New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList ([Security.Principal.WellKnownSidType]::'BuiltinPowerUsersSid', $null)).Translate([System.Security.Principal.NTAccount]).Value